Production rates are distributed from each trunk line through to each header via jump over lines with motor-operated valves (MOVs) set at different openings. The below schematic diagram represents the trunk lines and production header arrangement in Fig. Each trunk line is connected to five production headers and these production headers feed multiphase wet crude to high-pressure production traps (HPPTs) where the initial three phase separation takes place, then the separated oil is further processed in the low-pressure production trap (LPPT), where two-phase separation occurs.Īfter that, it goes through the dehydrator and desalter and water oil separation vessel (WOSEP) for further processing to meet the required oil and water specifications. The inlet configuration of the subject facility consists of 14 trunk lines, which brings the multiphase wet crude from remote manifolds to the central facility. On the other hand, transient slugs occur when changes in flow conditions occur due to pipeline scrapping operations or changes in pipeline flow rates. Terrain induced slugs are resulting from large elevation changes along the pipeline, they result from the build-up and dumping of liquids in each low spot in the line, and it is difficult to predict these slugs compared to hydrodynamic slugging. The hydrodynamic slug results when flow lines are operating in a stratified flow regime with density variations in the vertical direction. There are three basic mechanisms of slug formation, which are hydrodynamic slug, terrain induced slug and transient slug. High gas rates can lead to compressors overloading and flaring. High liquid rates can rapidly fill up the separators and cause shutdowns due to high level trips, which will have an impact on separation efficiency, crude quality and produced water quality. Slugs of liquid in multiphase lines can create serious design and operating problems for gas-oil separation plant (GOSP) processing equipment. (P&GJ) - The slug flow is a varying or irregular flow in the pipeline and surges of gas and liquid through any cross-section of a flowline. By Srini Kamandahalli, Ramsey J White and Ashiff Khan, Saudi Aramco, Saudi Arabia
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